Fixing remote-exec errors in Terraform when receiving "\0xd" messages in output

The "\x0d" failure when using Terraform's remote-exec provisioner (often when initiated from VS Code) is caused by a Carriage Return (CR) character, which is part of the Windows-style line endings (CRLF, or \r\n). Linux/Unix systems expect only Line Feed (LF, or \n) endings.

When a script or command with Windows line endings is executed on a Linux host via SSH, the Linux interpreter misinterprets the extra \r (\x0d) character as part of the command or file path, leading to an error.

The Solution

The primary fix is to ensure the files used by Terraform, particularly the script being executed by remote-exec, use LF (Unix-style) line endings.

1. Configure VS Code for LF Line Endings

You can configure VS Code to use LF as the default line ending for all files or specific workspaces:

Global Setting:
- Open VS Code Settings (Ctrl+, or Cmd+,).
- Search for "Eol".
- Set Files: Eol to \n.
Workspace Setting (Recommended for project consistency):
- Create or open .vscode/settings.json in your project's root directory.
- Add the following line:
```
{
    "files.eol": "\n"
}
```
- This ensures all contributors use the correct setting for this specific project.

2. Convert Existing Files

For files that already have CRLF line endings, you need to convert them:

Using VS Code's status bar:
- Open the file in question.
- Look at the bottom right of the VS Code status bar; it should display "CRLF" or "LF".
- Click on "CRLF" and select "LF" in the pop-up menu that appears at the top center of the editor.
Using Git:
- If your project is under Git source control, you can configure Git to automatically handle line ending conversions. See the official Git Documentation on core.autocrlf.
Using dos2unix (on the target Linux machine):
- If you can't control the source file's line endings before transfer, you can add a temporary step in your Terraform configuration to convert the file on the target machine before execution.
- Use an inline remote-exec command to run dos2unix <filename> (you may need to install the utility first, e.g., sudo apt install dos2unix).

By ensuring consistent LF line endings, you eliminate the problematic \x0d character and resolve the remote-exec failure.